In what circumstances can a judge be removed from office in Georgia?

A judge in Georgia can be removed from office primarily through judicial discipline or impeachment. This process is essential for maintaining the integrity of the judiciary and ensuring that judges adhere to ethical standards and the law.

Judicial discipline refers to actions taken by the Georgia Judicial Qualifications Commission (JQC) when a judge violates rules of conduct or engages in misconduct. This commission has the authority to censure, suspend, or even recommend the removal of a judge to safeguard the judicial system’s reputation and function.

Impeachment is a formal process that involves the legislature; in Georgia, the House of Representatives can impeach a judge, and the Senate conducts the trial. This mechanism is vital for addressing serious misconduct or failure to perform judicial duties.

The other options do not accurately reflect the mechanisms for removing a judge in Georgia. Public votes are not a means of judicial removal, although they can affect elections. While a criminal conviction can impact a judge's ability to serve, it is not a direct process for removal without following established procedures. Lastly, a governor does not unilaterally have the right to remove a judge; the process must align with established judicial discipline and impeachment protocols.